The constitution of objectivities in consciousness in ideas I and ideas II

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DOI:

https://doi.org/10.7213/1980-5934.31.053.DS07

Palavras-chave:

Husserl, constitution, intersubjectivity

Resumo

In this paper, I present the difficulty in the phenomenology of explaining the constitution of objectivities in consciousness. In the context of phenomenological reduction, constitution has to be understood as unveiling the universal and necessary essences. Recognized by Husserl in Ideas I and named as functional problems, the constitution of objectivities refers at first to individual consciousness, and then to an intersubjective one. In Ideas II, the phenomenologist explains how the constitution of nature, psyche, and spirit occurs. This process begins by assuming three premises: the ontological realism, the regularity of nature, and the transcendental idealism. In this process, the ego, apart from constituting objects (the body, the psyche, and the others), constitutes itself. The objects of material reality are constituted through aesthetic synthesis which unifies singularities and contextualizes the lived experience. The body, as a perceptive organ, perceives the exterior, and the location of the sensory stimulus is the soul. The soul is a real and transcendent object, which is linked to physical things that are constituted in a solipsistic way or intersubjectively. Empathy allows the subject to recognize the consciousness of the alter ego as capable of spontaneous movements and actions, a co-presence sharing the same horizons. Thus, through the theoretical attitude, the physical world is perceived, and through the spiritual attitude the spiritual world is perceived, a living world shared by free intelligent beings. For this, intersubjectivity fulfills a fundamental role, because only in the relationship with the other does the identity of the objects, of the other, and of the self become evident.

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Biografia do Autor

Nathalie Barbosa de La Cadena, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF)

Professora Associada do Departamento de Filosofia da UFJF

Doutora em Direito pela Universidad de Valladolid (2016)

Doutora em Filosofia pela UFRJ (2010)

Referências

CRESPO, M. ¿Hay una teoría no idealista de la constitución? Revista de Filosofía, v. 65, p. 105-114, 2009.

DE OLIVEIRA. N. Husserlian theses on constitution. Manuscrito, v. XXIII, n. 2, p. 251-274, 2000. (Center of Logic, Epistemology and History of Science (CLE/UNICAMP), State University of Campinas, SP, Brazil, 2000). HUSSERLIANA I (HUA I). Cartesianische Meditationen und Pariser Vorträge. Ed. Stephan Strasser. Den Haag: Martinus Nijhoff, 1950. Cartesian Meditations: An Introduction to Phenomenology. Tnas. Dorion Cairns. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1960 (1/43-183). HUSSERLIANA III (HUA III). Ideen zu einer reinen Phänomenologie und phänomenologischen Philosophie. Erstes Buch: Allgemeine Einführung in die reine Phänomenologie. Ed. Karl Schuhmann. Den Haag: Martinus Nijhoff, 1976. Ideas Pertaining to a Pure Phenomenology and to a Phenomenological Philosophy. Fisrt Book. General Introduction to a Pure Phenomenology. Trans. Fred Kersten. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1982. HUSSERLIANA IV (HUA IV). Ideen zu einer reinen Phänomenologie und phänomenologischen Philosophie. Zweites Buch: Phänomenologische Untersuchungen zur Konstitution. Ed. Marly Biemel. Den Haag: Martinus Nijhoff, 1952. Ideas Pertaining to a Pure Phenomenology and to a Phenomenological Philosophy. Second Book. Studies in the Phenomenology of Constitution. Trans. Richard Rojcewicz and André Schuwer. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1989. LUO, Z. Motivating Empathy: The problem of bodily similarity in Husserl’s theory of empathy. Husserl Studies, v. 33, n. 1, p. 45-61, 2017.

TOURINHO, C. O problema da autoconstituição do eu transcendental na fenomenologia de Husserl: de Ideias I a Meditações cartesianas. Trans/Form/Ação, Marília, v. 39, n. 3, p. 87-100, jul./set. 2016. ZAHAVI, D. Husserl and transcendental intersubjectivity: a response to the linguistic-pragmatic critique. Trans. Elizabeth A. Benhnke. Ohio: Ohio University Press, Athens, Ohio, 2001.

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Publicado

2019-08-08

Como Citar

Cadena, N. B. de L. (2019). The constitution of objectivities in consciousness in ideas I and ideas II. Revista De Filosofia Aurora, 31(53). https://doi.org/10.7213/1980-5934.31.053.DS07

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