THE DIABOLIC DOCTRINE OF RETRIBUTION AND THE THEOLOGY OF THE GRACE OF JESUS, IN THE EPISODE OF TEMPTATIONS

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DOI:

https://doi.org/10.7213/2175-1838.14.002.AO03

Abstract

From the episode of the temptations of Jesus, the article compares two dif­ferent hermeneutics, that of the devil, based on the doctrine of retribution, and that of Jesus, based on the theology of grace. The analysis is made on the episode narrated by Matthew (Mt 4:1-11), considering the differences presented by Luke (Lk 4:1-13). The genre of the story is considered as a haggadaic midrash, that is, a narrative to instruct, around Old Testament texts, specifically Deuteronomy (Deut 6-8) with its references to the episodes of Exodus. In this sense, the narrative of temptations pre­sents itself as a debate between a protagonist and an antagonist, as a kind of dispute between two rabbis, confronting texts of Scripture. In the three provocations of the devil, he demonstrates that he knows the Bible, through textual quotations and well-founded interpretations. However, its hermeneutical foundation is that of retribution, according to which, since Jesus was the Son of God, the Father would have the obli­gation to compensate him with pleasure, power and wealth. Jesus, in his answers, interprets messianic filiation as fidelity to the Father's proposal, taking the path of the cross, in perseverance in constant service. The article aims to clarify current miscon­ceptions contained in the so-called theology of prosperity, which is based on the doc­trine of retribution.

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Author Biographies

Valmor da Silva, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás (PUC-Goiás)

Possui graduação em Teologia pelo Instituto Popular de Assistência Social(1978), graduação em Filosofia Licenciatura Plena pelo Centro Universitário Sagrado Coração(1997), graduação em Filosofia pelo Instituto Popular de Assistência Social(1974), mestrado em Exegese Bíblica pelo Pontifício Instituto Bíblico(1982), mestrado em Teologia Bíblica pela Pontificia Universidade Gregoriana(1981), doutorado em Ciências da Religião pela Universidade Metodista de São Paulo(1997) e pós-doutorado pela Faculdade Jesuíta de Filosofia e Teologia(2017). Atualmente é professor titular da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás.

José Geraldo de Gouveia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás (PUC-Goiás)

Mestre em Teologia bíblica pela Pontificia Università San Tommaso, Roma (2006). Doutorando em Ciências da Religião (PUC Goiás).

Published

2022-09-05

How to Cite

da Silva, V., & de Gouveia, J. G. . (2022). THE DIABOLIC DOCTRINE OF RETRIBUTION AND THE THEOLOGY OF THE GRACE OF JESUS, IN THE EPISODE OF TEMPTATIONS. Pistis Praxis, 14(2). https://doi.org/10.7213/2175-1838.14.002.AO03

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Articles