Physicochemical analyses of Apis mellifera honeys commercialized at CEASA/PR in Curitiba

Abstract

Honey is a natural product of high nutritional and economic value, yet it is often subject to frauds that compromise its quality and safety. This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics of Apis mellifera honey marketed in six stalls at the Paraná Supply Center (CEASA/PR), assessing its compliance with current legislation. Thirteen commercial brands were analyzed for moisture, acidity, ash, and pH, in addition to the Fiehe, Lund, and Lugol reactions. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences among samples for
moisture, acidity, ash, pH, and Lund reaction. Moisture content slightly exceeded the legal limit in 53,8% of the samples (1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, and 11). Sample 5 showed acidity above the maximum permitted value. All samples remained within the legal standards for ash content. Samples 3 and 5 presented significantly low pH values. In the Fiehe reaction, samples 3, 5, and 12 failed; in the Lund reaction, samples 2, 3, 5, 8, and 12; and in the Lugol reaction, samples 2, 3, 5, and 8. The results indicate strong evidence of adulteration in 38,4% of the samples (2, 3, 5, 8, and 12), which may be associated with processing and storage failures or intentional fraud, highlighting the importance of inspection and control analyses to ensure the quality and authenticity of commercialized honey.