Tool about physical therapy practice in neonatal sensory motor stimulation: a Delphi study

Abstract

Introduction: Neonatal sensory motor stimulation (SMS) interventions are designed to enhance the neuropsychomotor and sensory development of newborns. Despite their potential benefits, the lack of standardized in SMS procedures among professionals highlights the need for a unified approach to improve outcomes. Objective: To develop an instrument for collecting information on neonatal SMS procedures used by Brazilian physiotherapists, including parameters for monitoring stress signs or self-regulation in newborns. Methods: Conducted research using the Delphi method with an online panel of experts in neonatal intensive therapy. The content covered 10 SMS techniques, cardiorespiratory parameters, and behavioral states. Consensus was evaluated through content validity calculations using a four-point Likert scale. Descriptive questions regarding the instrument’s adequacy were analyzed using the Bardin's content analysis method. Results: Thirteen specialists participate via email. The development of the instrument required two rounds rounds of review. Agreement rates were 53-69% in the first round and of 83-100% in the second. The final version comprised 212 questions, covering all categories of SMS procedures (tactile, vestibular, olfactory/gustative, and visual). Conclusion: A comprehensive list of 221 questions across four SMS categories was developed. This instrument's clinical relevance lies in its ability to standardize and monitor SMS application, thereby promoting consistent and effective neonatal care.