Different physical activity programs for older women: which is better?

Abstract

Introduction: There is strong evidence of the benefits of physical activity (PA) for older adults. However, there is still no consensus on which modality is more effective than the others regarding muscle mass and functional capacity. Objective: To compare three different PA programs for older women. Methods: The study included 107 participants between 60 and 75 years old who practiced PA in three different programs, which were: strength training group (STG), aerobic training group (ATG) and adapted sports group (ASG). To evaluate body composition, we used the body mass index (BMI) and the total muscle mass index (TMSI). For the functional tests, we employed the Sit-to-Stand Test (SST) and the Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT). Results: All participants of the three groups presented good physical performance, as the STG group presented the best result in the SST while the ASG group was better in the TUGT. Conclusion: The study reinforces the need to stimulate the practice of PA for elderly, and that intrinsic motivation should be considered to offer something that is pleasurable and maintains their adherence to the program.