Effects of physical training on the quality of life of patients with post-COVID-19 condition

Abstract

Introduction: Post-COVID-19 syndrome has a significant impact on the quality of life of affected individuals. Objective: To describe the effects of a pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) program on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome and to understand the aspects pertinent to the quality of life of these patients. Methods: Quasi-experimental study, of the interrupted time series type, with adults, both sexes, history of hospitalization for SARS-CoV-2 and post-COVID-19 syndrome, referred for PR, between February/2021 and December/2022. Participants were assessed regarding clinical information, quality of life (Nottingham Health Profile - PSN), global peripheral muscle strength (dynamometry) and dyspnea during activities of daily living (mMRC scale) pre and post PR. Results: A total of 39 subjects participated, 22 (56.4%) female, with a mean age of 55.8 (+ 9.98) years. The main persistent complaints were fatigue (64.1%), dyspnea (59%), memory impairment (30.8%), and pain (28.2%). Of the six PSN domains, five showed significant improvement after the intervention. The median total PSN score was 11 points before and 06 points after (p < 0.001). Dynamometry and mMRC also showed statistically significant differences after RP. Conclusion: Individuals with post-COVID-19 syndrome present significant changes in HRQoL, evidenced by physical, emotional, social, and sleep changes. RP, through physical training, demonstrated positive effects in improving quality of life and also in gaining global peripheral muscle strength and reducing dyspnea during activities of daily living.