Iniciativas do poder público para o transporte urbano de carga: perspectivas de impacto no cenário brasileiro
Parole chiave:
Transporte urbano de carga. Logística da cidade. Políticas públicas.Abstract
Este artigo busca identificar, por meio de uma revisão de literatura, as principais iniciativas relacionadas ao transporte urbano de carga (TUC) que vêm sendo implantadas pelo poder público nas cidades em todo o mundo, levantando os impactos que a aplicação dessas medidas gerou em termos de sustentabilidade. Observou-se, por meio da revisão de literatura, que há uma falta de estudos que quantificam as medidas adotadas pelo setor público para o TUC, em especial nos países em desenvolvimento. Assim, desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa survey, com especialistas sobre o tema, com o objetivo de identificar as iniciativas mais indicadas à mitigação dos impactos negativos gerados pelo TUC no contexto das cidades brasileiras, bem como avaliar as principais dificuldades encontradas à implantação das mesmas. As percepções obtidas, comparadas com os resultados quantificados em cidades de diferentes portes ao redor do mundo, fornecem um guia primário que permite aos gestores públicos considerarem não somente as partes interessadas na gestão do TUC, mas também o reflexo que as dimensões populacionais dos municípios possuem sobre a eficácia das medidas pretendidas, possibilitando a escolha de medidas mais adequadas ao contexto de suas cidades.
Downloads
Riferimenti bibliografici
Akgün, E. Z., & Monios, J. (2018). Institutional influences on the development of urban freight transport policies by local authorities. In Y. Shiftan, & M. Kamargianni (Eds.), Preparing for the new era of transport policies: learning from experience (pp. 169-196). Cambridge: Elsevier. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/bs.atpp.2018.07.004.
Björklund, M., & Johansson, H. (2018). Urban consolidation centre: a literature review, categorisation, and a future research agenda. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 48(8), 745-764. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/IJPDLM-01-2017-0050.
Bozzo, R., Conca, A., & Marangon, F. (2014). Decision support system for city logistics: literature review, and guidelines for an ex-ante model. Transportation Research Procedia, 3, 518-527. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2014.10.033.
Comi, A., & Russo, F. (2016). Urban freight transport planning towards green goals: synthetic enviromental evidence from tested results. Sustainability, 8(831), 1-18.
Comi, A., Delle Site, P., Filippi, F., Marcucci, E., & Nuzzolo, A. (2008). “Differentiated regulation of urban freight traffic: Conceptual framework and examples from Italy. In Proceedings of the 13th International Conference of Hong Kong Society for Transportation Studies. Hong Kong: Hong Kong Society for Transportation Studies.
Creazza, A., Curi, S., & Dallari, F. (2014). City logistics: panoramica delle best practice nazionali e internazionali (LIUC Papers, No. 271). Castellanza (VA), Italy.
Cyrys, J., Peters, A., Soentgen, J., & Wichmann, H. (2014). Low emission zones Reduce PM10 mass concentrations and diesel soot in German cities. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 64(4), 481-487. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10962247.2013.868380. PMid:24843918.
Cherrett, T., Allen, J., McLeod, F., Maynard, S., Hickford, A., & Browne, M. (2012). Understanding urban freight activity – key issues for freight planning. Journal of Transport Geography, 24, 22-32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2012.05.008.
Dablanc, L. (2007). Goods transport in large European cities: difficult to organize, difficult to modernize. Transportation Research Part A, Policy and Practice, 41(3), 280-285. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2006.05.005.
Dablanc, L., & Lozano, A. (2013). Commercial Goods Transport, Mexico City: case study prepared for Global Report on Human Settlements 2013. Recuperado em 30 de janeiro de 2019, de http://unhabitat.org/wpdm-package/ghrs-2013-arabic-language-version/2013/
Dasburg, N., & Schoemaker, J. (2006). D5.2: quantification of urban freight transport effects II: best urban freight solutions II (Report). The Netherlands: Best Urban Freight Solutions.
Dias, J. M., Sobanski, G. B., Silva, J. E. A. R., Oliveira, L. K., & Vieira, J. G. V. (2018). Are Brazilian cities ready to develop an efficient urban freight mobility plan? urbe. Revista Brasileira de Gestão Urbana, 10(3), 587-599. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2175-3369.010.003.ao07.
Ellison, R. B., Greaves, S., & Hensher, D. A. (2013). Medium term effects of London’s low emission zone. In Proceedings of the Transportation Research Board Annual Meeting. Washington.
Finnegan, C., O’Brien, B., & Traynor, D. (2007) An initial evaluation of Dublin Port Tunnel and the HGV management strategy for the city. In Proceedings of the European Transport Conference. Leiden, The Netherlands.
Giordani, S. (2009). Cityporto Padova: la mobilità sostenibilite delle merci nelle aree urbane. Comune di Padova.
Holguín-Veras, J. (2015). Improving freight system performance in metropolitan area. Washington: TRB’s National Cooperative Freight Research Program. Recuperado em 20 de novembro de 2018, de http://pt.slideshare.net/EMBARQNetwork/improving-freight-system performance-in-metropolitan-areas-jos-holgun-vref-center-of-excellence-for-sustainable-urban-freight-systems-transforming-transportation-2015
Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística – IBGE. (2010). Sinopse do censo demográfico de 2010. Recuperado em 30 de janeiro de 2019, de http://www.censo2010.ibge.gov.br/sinopse/index.php?dados=12&uf= 00
Kin, B., Verlinde, S., & Macharis, C. (2017). Sustainable urban freight transport in megacities in emerging markets. Sustainable Cities and Society, 32, 31-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2017.03.011.
Koutoulas, A., Franklin, J. P., & Eliasson, J. (2017). Assessing nighttime deliveries in Stockholm, Sweden. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2605(1), 54-60. https://doi.org/10.3141/2605-05
Letnik, T., Marksel, M., Luppino, G., Bardi, A., & Božičnik, S. (2018). Review of policies and measures for sustainable and energy efficient urban transport. Energy, 163, 245-257. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.08.096.
Marcucci, E., Gatta, V., Marciani, M., & Cossu, P. (2017). Measuring the effects of an urban freight policy package defined via a collaborative governance model. Research in Transportation Economics, 65, 3-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.retrec.2017.09.001.
Menezes, E., Maia, A. G., & Carvalho, C. S. (2017). Effectiveness of low-carbon development strategies: evaluation of policy scenarios for the urban transport sector in a Brazilian megacity. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 114, 226-241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2016.08.016.
Muñuzuri, J., Cortés, P., Guadix, J., & Onieva, L. (2012). City logistics in Spain: why it might never work. Cities, 29(2), 133-141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2011.03.004.
Muñuzuri, J., Larrañeta, J., Onieva, L., & Cortés, P. (2005). Solutions applicable by local administrations for urban logistics improvement. Cities, 22(1), 15-28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2004.10.003.
Perboli, G., Rosano, M., & Gobbato, L. (2016) Decision Support system for collaborative freight transortation management: a toll for mixing traditional and green logistics. In Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Information Systems, Logistics and Supply Chain (ILS 2016). Switzerland: Springer.
Puchinger, J., & Schrampf, J. (2013). ILOS: intelligent freight logistics in urban areas: freight routing optimisation in Vienna. Vienna: BESTFACT.
Roche-Cerasi, I. (2012). L2.1: state of the art report. Urban logistics practices. Trondheim: SINTEF Teknologi og Samfunn.
Rosini, R., Panebianco, M., & Zanarini, M. (2005). City Ports project: Interim Report. Recuperado em 4 de fevereiro de 2020, de http://mobilita.regione.emilia-romagna.it/allegati/pubblicazioni/quaderni-servizio pianificazione/quaderno_7.pdf/view
Russo, F., & Comi, A. (2011). Measures for sustainable freight transportation at urban scale: expected goals and tested results in Europe. Journal of Urban Planning and Development, 137(2), 142-152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)UP.1943-5444.0000052.
Sadler, L. (2008). Detailed assessment London congestion charging. London: Air Quality Office.
Sánchez-Díaz, I., Georén, P., & Brolinson, M. (2017). Shifting urban freight deliveries to the offpeak hours: a review of theory and practice. Transport Reviews, 37(4), 521-543. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01441647.2016.1254691.
Schliwa, G., Armitage, R., Aziz, S., Evans, J., & Rhoades, J. (2015). Sustainable city logistics - Making cargo cycles viable for urban freight transport. Research in Transportation Business & Management, 15, 50-57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rtbm.2015.02.001.
Silva, D. M., Bandeira, R. A. M., & Campos, V. B. G. (2018). Avaliando a sustentabilidade alcançada por meio de entregas noturnas: o caso da distribuição de combustíveis na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Revista Transportes, 26(2), 54-69. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/transportes.v26i2.1437.
Sustainable Urban Goods Logistics Achieved by Regional and Local Policies – SUGAR. (2011). City logistics best practices: a handbook for authorities. Bologna.
Tang, J., McNabola, A., Misstear, B., & Caulfield, B. (2017). An evaluation of the impact of the Dublin Port Tunnel and HGV management strategy on air pollution emissions. Transportation Research Part D, Transport and Environment, 52, 1-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2017.02.009.
Thomé, M. T., Scavarda, F., & Scavarda, A. J. (2016). Conducting systematic literature review in operations management. Production Planning and Control, 27(5), 408-420. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09537287.2015.1129464.
Thompson, R. G., & Taniguchi, E. (2014). Future directions. In E. Taniguchi, & R. G. Thompson (Eds.), City logistics: mapping the future (Chap. 13, pp. 201-210.). Boca Raton: CRC Press, Taylor & Francis. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b17715-14.
Transport for London – TfL (2008). Central London congestion charging. impacts monitoring: fifth annual report. London: TfL.
Van Duin, J. H. R., & Quak, H. J. (2007). City logistics: a chaos between research and policy making? A review. In C. Brebbia (Ed.), Urban transport and the environment in the 21st century (pp. 135-146). Southampton: WitPress. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/UT070141.
Verlinde, S., Debauche, W., Heemeryck, A., Macharis, C., Van Hoeck, E., & Witlox, F. (2010). Night-time delivery as a potential option in Belgian urban distribution: a stakeholder approach. In Proceedings of the 12th World Conference on Transport Research Conference. Lisbon, Portugal.
Vieira, J. G. V., & Fransoo, J. C. (2015). How logistics performance of freight operators is affected by urban freight distribution issues. Transport Policy, 44, 37-47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2015.06.007.
Waldhauer, N., van der Burgh, M., van der Vorst, J. G. A. J., Bing, X., & Scheer, F. P. (2015) Perspectives on the distribution of fresh food in emerging metropolises: the cases of Mexico City and Cairo (No. 9789462573642). Wageningen: Food & Biobased Research. Recuperado em 4 de fevereiro de 2020, de http://edepot.wur.nl/350628
Zanni, A. M., & Bristow, A. L. (2010). Emissions of CO2 from road freight transport in London: trends and policies for long run reductions. Energy Policy, 38(4), 1774-1786. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2009.11.053.
Zunder, T. H., & Ibáñez, J. N. (2004). Urban freight logistics in the European Union. European Transport, 28, 77-84.
