Modelo para análise ex ante de políticas de logística urbana baseadas em centros de distribuição urbanos: uma abordagem utilizando dinâmica de sistemas
Palabras clave:
logística urbana, centros de distribuição urbanos, dinâmica de sistemas, políticas públicasResumen
O aumento do número de veículos de carga nos centros urbanos causa diversas externalidades negativas sob os aspectos financeiro, ambiental e econômico, por isso a formulação de políticas públicas que buscam otimizar a logística urbana vem ganhando importância nas agendas dos gestores públicos. Nesse contexto, este artigo tem o objetivo de propor um modelo para apoiar a formulação de políticas públicas de logística urbana com ênfase nos Centros de Distribuição Urbanos (CDUs). O método usado é a simulação matemática contínua baseado em dinâmica de sistemas e que incorpora elementos de gestão de estoque e operações. Este artigo apresenta o modelo e o procedimento proposto para sua aplicação em duas cidades hipotéticas, comparando a implantação de CDUs com outras políticas públicas. Os resultados, medidos pelos custos logísticos totais e pelas emissões de gases de efeito estufa (GEE), indicam que as restrições à circulação de veículos de carga tendem a impactar negativamente ambos os indicadores; por outro lado, os CDUs são soluções robustas que podem reduzir tanto os custos como as emissões e superam outras políticas, mas se aplicam a cidades que atingiram níveis de congestionamento críticos. A replicação do modelo e do procedimento é discutida.Descargas
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