Le dysfonctionnement socio-spatial des grands ensembles en Algérie: technique de l’analyse wayfinding par méthode “movement traces” et l’analyse morphologique (syntaxe spatiale) par logiciel “depthmap

Autores/as

  • Amara Hima
  • Abdelmalek Tacherift
  • Abdelkader Abdellaoui

Palabras clave:

Reproduction urbaine. Wayfinding. Grands ensembles. Syntaxe spatiale. Mouvement piétons.

Resumen

La technique de l’analyse syntaxique de la visibilité (Visibility Graph Analysis – VGA) et de l’accessibilité (All Line Analysis – ALA) par logiciel “DepthMap©(UCL, Londres)” et l’analyse du dysfonctionnement wayfinding par méthode “movement traces”, sont utilisées dans ce papier afin de développer un modèle d’analyse et d’investigation de l’impact des changements spatiaux sur le dysfonctionnement socio-spatial du wayfinding, ainsi sur la reproduction urbaine, notamment les transformations des façades et l’appropriation des espaces extérieurs dans les grands ensembles en Algérie. Nous donnons ici le cas d’étude de la cité 1000 logt-Biskra et la cité 500 logt-M’sila. Afin de vérifier cette hypothèse, un modèle d’analyse hybride a été développé par croisement des résultats d’analyses des deux techniques. Par conséquent, le schéma de l’interférence montre que la majorité des piétons préfèrent parcourir les axes courts et droits — caractérisés par une forte propriété syntaxique de visibilité et d’accessibilité (l’intégration, la connectivité et l’intelligibilité) — en directions des équipements adjacents et aux milieux des deux cités. Ces itinéraires ont un impact sur les transformations des façades et l’appropriation des espaces extérieurs. Le modèle développé promet de futures recherches sur le plan de la quantification, la modélisation et la simulation du processus de la reproduction urbaine, notamment par les automates cellulaires.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Citas

Beghdoud, L. K., Kacemi, M., Bouroumi, M. T., & Hamma,

W. (2017). Problems of urban violence: the case of

boulevard macta in Sidi bel Abbes. Urbanism. Architecture.

Constructions, 9(1), 23-38.

Belguidoum, S., Cattedra, R., & Iraki, A. (2015). Cities and

urbanity in the maghreb. The Year Maghreb, 12, 11-32.

Benedikt, M. (1979). To take hold of space: isovists and

isovist fields. Environment & Planning B, 6(6), 47-65.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/b060047.

Benrachi, B., & Lezzar, S. (2014). The impact of building

modifications on Algerian social collective housing.

International Journal of Urban Sustainable Development,

(1), 123-132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19463138.20

780176.

Bertho, R. (2014). The grands ensembles, fifty years of

french political fiction. Études Photographiques, 31, 1-13.

Boullé, P., Vrolijks, L., & Palm, E. (1997). Vulnerability

reduction for sustainable urban development. Journal

of Contingencies and Crisis Management, 5(3), 179-188.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.00053.

Bullock, N. (2007). Developing prototypes for France’s mass

housing programme 1949-53. Journal Planning Perspectives,

(1), 5-28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02665430601051890.

Corburn, J. (2017). Urban place and health equity: critical

issues and practices. International Journal of Environmental

Research and Public Health, 14(2), 1-10. PMid:28134756.

Crane, S. (2017). Housing as battleground: targeting the

city in the battles of Algiers. City & Society, 29(1), 187-212.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ciso.12118.

Crump, J. (2002). Deconcentration by demolition: public

housing, poverty, and urban policy. Environment and

Planning. D, Society & Space, 20(5), 581-596. http://dx.doi.

org/10.1068/d306.

Demirli, M. E., Ultav, Z. T., & Demirtaş-Milz, N. (2015). A sociospatial

analysis of urban transformation at a neighborhood

scale: The case of the relocation of Kadifekale inhabitants

to Toki Uzundere in İzmir. Cities (London, England), 48,

-159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2015.06.013.

Droettboom, T., Jr., McAllister, R. J., Kaiser, E. J., & Butler,

E. W. (1971). Urban violence and residential mobility.

Journal of the American Institute of Planners, 37(5), 319-

http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01944367108977838.

Foura-Bouchair, Y. (2014). Impact of the built environment

on the mental health of the inhabitants in high-rise collective

housing in Algeria. Journal of Environmental Science and

Engineering, B3, 162-171.

Gilbert, P. (2009). Social stakes of urban renewal: recent French

housing policy. Building Research and Information, 35(5-6),

-648. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09613210903186638.

Goličnik, B., & Ward Thompson, C. (2010). Emerging

relationships between design and use of urban park spaces.

Landscape and Urban Planning, 94(1), 38-53. http://dx.doi.

org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2009.07.016.

Grajewski, T. (1992). Space syntax observation manual.

London: UCL Bartlett and Space Syntax.

Harloe, M. (2007). Social housing: past, present and future.

Journal Housing Studies, 9(3), 407-416. http://dx.doi.

org/10.1080/02673039408720796.

Helbing, D., Farkas, I. J., & Vicsek, T. (2000). Simulating

dynamical features of escape panic. Nature, 407(6803), 487-

PMid:11028994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35035023.

Hillier, B., Penn, A., Hanson, J., Grajewski, T., & Xu, J. (1993).

Natural movement: or, configuration and attraction in

urban pedestrian movement. Environment and Planning B,

Planning & Design, 20(1), 29-66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/

b200029.

Kadri, S. (2014). Past and present in Bechar public urban

space. Geopolitics, History, and International Relations,

(1), 160-165.

Kynoch, G. (2008). Urban violence in colonial Africa:

a case for South African exceptionalism. Journal of

Southern African Studies, 34(3), 629-645. http://dx.doi.

org/10.1080/03057070802259878.

Le Normand, B. (2016). At home in postwar France: modern

mass housing and the right to comfort. Journal Planning

Perspectives, 31(2), 328-330.

Madani, S., & Tacherift, A. (2010). Urban dwelling and

sustainability in Algeria. Science &Technology D, 31, 45-54.

Mebirouk, H., Zeghiche, A., & Boukhemis, K. (2005).

Appropriations of public space in the sets of collective

logging, a form of adaptability or a distortion of the norms?

the case of the ZHUN of Annaba (North-East of Algeria).

Norois, (195), 59-77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/norois.513.

Monclús, J., & Díez-Medina, C. (2016). Modernist housing

estates in European cities of the Western and Eastern Blocs.

Journal Planning Perspectives, 31(4), 533-562. http://

dx.doi.org/10.1080/02665433.2015.1102642.

Monokrousou, K., & Giannopoulou, M. (2016). Interpreting

and predicting pedestrian movement in public space through

space syntax analysis. Procedia: Social and Behavioral

Sciences, 223, 509-514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.

sbspro.2016.05.312.

Mumford, E. (1992). CIAM urbanism after the Athens

charter. Journal Planning Perspectives, 7(4), 391-417.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02665439208725757.

Mumford, E. (2009). CIAM and the Communist Bloc, 1928-

The Journal of Architecture, 14(2), 237-254. http://

dx.doi.org/10.1080/13602360802704810.

Naceur, F. (2013). The inhabitants in high-rise collective

housing in Algeria. Journal Elsevier: Frontiers of Architectural

Research, 2(4), 457-467.

Ortega-Andeane, P., Jiménez-Rosas, E., Mercado-Doménech,

S., & Estrada-Rodríguez, C. (2007). Space syntax a

determinant of spatial orientation perception. Journal

of Instructional Psychology, 40(1), 11-18. http://dx.doi.

org/10.1080/00207590444000096.

Østby, G. (2016). Rural-urban migration, inequality and

urban social disorder: evidence from African and Asian

cities. Conflict Management and Peace Science, 33(5),

-515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0738894215581315.

Park, S., & Sohn, D. (2013). The roles of urban design in

urban regeneration: case studies of the Housing Market

Renewal Pathfinder area in Newcastle, UK. International

Journal of Urban Sciences, 17(3), 316-330. http://dx.doi.

org/10.1080/12265934.2013.822627.

Riboulet, P. (1999). Unité d’ensemble et diversité des partie,

in projet urbain: renouveler l’urbain (No. 18, pp. 16-17).

Paris: Ministère de l’Équipement.

Safar-Zitoun, M. (2013). Spatial and social mobilities

in Algeria: the case of Algiers. Journal of North African

Studies, 18(5), 678-689. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/136

2013.849898.

Scott, B. (2008). City of sieges: literature, communal violence

and urban space. Journal of Postcolonial Writing, 44(4),

-354. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17449850802410457.

Semmoud, B. (2009). Appropriations and Uses of Urban

Spaces in Northern Algeria. Geography of Quebec Notebooks,

(148), 101-118.

Shu-Chun, L. H. (2006). A study of outdoor interactional

spaces in high-rise housing. Elsevier: Landscape and Urban

Planning, 78(3), 193-204.

Sibley-Behloul, M. (2002). Informal transformations of formal

housing estates in Algiers and Cairo. GBER, 2(3), 32-41.

Stanilov, K. (2007). The post-socialist city: urban form and

space transformations in Central and Eastern Europe after

socialism. GeoJournal Library, 92, 173-190. http://dx.doi.

org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6053-3_9.

Vaughan, L., & Arbaci, S. (2011). The challenges of

understanding urban segregation. Built Environment,

(2), 128-138. http://dx.doi.org/10.2148/benv.37.2.128.

Thomsen, A., Schultmann, F., & Kohler, N. (2011).

Deconstruction, demolition and destruction. Journal

Building Research & Information, 39(4), 327-332. http://

dx.doi.org/10.1080/09613218.2011.585785.

Turner, A., Doxa, M., O’Sullivan, D., & Penn, A. (2001). From

isovists to visibility graphs: a methodology for the analysis

of arcthiectural space. Environment & Planning B, 28(1),

-121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/b2684.

Turner, A. (2003). Analysing the visual dynamics of spatial

morphology. Environment and Planning. B, Planning &

Design, 30(5), 657-676. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/b12962.

Rezig, A. (2013). L’impact de l’accessibilité et de la visibilité

sur le mouvement des usagers dans les espaces publics urbains

des logements collectifs (Thèse de magistère). Faculté des

Sciences et de la Technologie, Université de Biskra, Biskra.

Wassenberg, F. (2011). Demolition in the Bijlmermeer:

lessons from transforming a large housing estate. Building

Research and Information, 39(4), 363-379. http://dx.doi.

org/10.1080/09613218.2011.585104.

Wright. G. (2001). Modern housing at the millennium.

Journal of Writing + Building, 3, 116-123.

Publicado

2018-05-30

Cómo citar

Hima, A., Tacherift, A., & Abdellaoui, A. (2018). Le dysfonctionnement socio-spatial des grands ensembles en Algérie: technique de l’analyse wayfinding par méthode “movement traces” et l’analyse morphologique (syntaxe spatiale) par logiciel “depthmap. Revista Brasileira De Gestão Urbana, 10(2). Recuperado a partir de https://periodicos.pucpr.br/Urbe/article/view/22221

Número

Sección

Artigos