Inovação aberta nas estratégias competitivas das empresas brasileiras
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7213/rebrae.07.001.AO02Palavras-chave:
Estratégia, Capacidade tecnológica, Inovação aberta, Economias emergentes.Resumo
A estratégia de Inovação Aberta (IA) é considerada por alguns estudiosos de economias avançadas como mais adequada para a gestão de P&D no paradigma tecnoprodutivo atual. O objetivo deste artigo teórico-empírico é apresentar um levantamento a respeito do uso das premissas de IA nas empresas brasileiras que recorrem sistematicamente à P&D no desenho e na implantação de suas estratégias competitivas. A seleção das empresas foi intencional, tomando por base empresas brasileiras com reconhecido uso da P&D, e o instrumento de coleta de dados foi um questionário fechado. Os dados foram tratados por estatística descritiva e correlação linear múltipla. Compõem a amostra as seguintes empresas: Aché, Bematech, Braskem, Cemig, Chemtech, Cristália, Embraco, Embraer, Emprapa, EMS Fíbria, Herbarium, Lupatech, Natura, Petrobras, Sabó, Tigre, Usiminas Vale e Weg. Os resultados evidenciaram um baixo uso — ou mesmo falta de compreensão — das premissas da IA que exigem maior mudança de modelo mental dos gestores de P&D, particularmenteno que diz respeito ao papel dos modelos de negócio. Há também indícios de que as empresas pesquisadas subestimam os benefícios dos fluxos de conhecimento de dentro para fora da empresa. Por fim, a pesquisa traz evidências de que uma estratégia de IA adequada tem o potencial de auxiliar as empresas brasileiras em processo de emparelhamento tecnológico.
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