Growing-city pollution and sanitation: causality and evidence from major cities of southwestern Nigeria

Autores

  • Temidayo Gabriel Apata Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Federal University, Oye-Ekiti
  • Sunday Idowu Ogunjimi Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Federal University, Oye-Ekiti
  • Mobolaji Morenike Okanlawon Department of Agricultural Management, Agricultural and Rural Management Training Institute (ARMTI) Ilorin
  • Oluwaseun Bamigboye Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Federal University, Oye-Ekiti.
  • Christopher Adara Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Federal University, Oye-Ekiti.
  • Chinwe Egbunonu Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Federal University, Oye-Ekiti.

Palavras-chave:

Sanitation measures, Core welfare Indicator, Waste management decomposition, indigent attitudes, sensitization programme

Resumo

Growing-city pollution is seen as an inability of an existence infrastructural facilities to support the growing population of humans or other living species in that environment. Growing-city pollution amidst the world has become a topic of increased scholarly review. Yet, insignificant attention has been given to how rising city-pollution influences public health and standard of living. This paper examines the link between growing-city pollution and sanitation. Analysis uses cross-sectional data to examine this causality using an evidence of high populated cities in Southwest, Nigeria. About 6.2% uses modern toilet facilities and about 67% practises open defecation. Access to water/sanitation facilities, distance to nearest health clinic or hospital are the main features influencing multidimensional poor sanitation/hygiene index. Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) revealed that discussants lacked an understanding of the linkages between hygiene practices and water-related diseases. Growing-city pollution influences endemic chronic diseases because sanitation is poorly accessible. Interaction between sanitation and population density in predicting poor health outcomes as evidenced in this study. Efforts should be geared by all stakeholders to boost and create livelihoods activities that can curtail rural-urban drift. Rural migrants should be encourage to stay in their vicinity to enjoy less air-polluted environment and decent accommodation.

Downloads

Não há dados estatísticos.

Referências

Akpabio, E., Aquite, M., & Kaoru T. (2014). Understanding and confronting cultural complexities characterizing water, sanitation and hygiene in Sub-Saharan Africa. Water International, 39(7), 921-932.

Aliyu, A., & Amadu, L. (2017). Urbanization, Cities, and Health: The Challenges to Nigeria A Review. Annals of African Medicine, 16(4), 149-158.

Bichaka, F., & Gutema, P. (2005). The determinants of health status in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). American Economics, 42(2), 60-72.

Chisholm, R., & Lahiru W. (2016). The Need for Long-term Remedies for Indonesia’s Forest Fires, Conservation Biology, 30, 5–16.

Corburn, J., & Hildebrand, C. (2015). Slum Sanitation and the Social Determinants of Women’s Health in Nairobi, Kenya. Journal of Environmental and Public Health Volume 2015, Article ID 209505, 6 pages.

Gago-Cortés, C., & Novo-Corti, I. (2015) Sustainable development of urban slum areas in north western Spain. Management of Environmental Quality, 26(6):891-908. doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/MEQ-06-2014-0095Public

Grossman, M. (1972). On the Concept of Health Capital and the Demand for Health. Journal of Political Economy, 80, 223–255. doi: 10.1086/259880.

Ghazouani, S., & Goaied, M. (2001). The determinants of urban and Rural poverty in Tunisia. World Bank. Working Paper 0126.

GLAAS (UN-water Global Analysis and Assessment of Sanitation and drinking-water). (2014). Investing in water and sanitation: Increasing access, reducing inequalities. Geneva: World Health Organization (WHO).

Global report on human settlements (2016). United Nations Human Settlements Programme. First published in the UK and USA in 2003 by Earthscan Publications Ltd for and on behalf of the United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)

Goldizen, F. C., Peter D., & Luke D. (2016). Respiratory Effects of Air Pollution on Children, Pediatric Pulmonology, 51, 37-99.

Hathi, P., Haque, S., Pant, L., Coffey, D., & Spears, D. (2014). Place and Child Health: The Interaction of Population Density and Sanitation in Developing Countries. Water Global Practice Group of the World Bank: Policy Research Working Paper 7124.

Hutton, G., & Varughese, M. (2016). The Costs of Meeting the 2030 Sustainable Development Goal Targets on Drinking Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Summary Report. Joint publication and collaborative effort by the World Bank, the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), the World Health Organization (WHO).

IRENA (International Renewable Energy Agency). 2015. Renewable Energy in the Water, Energy and Food Nexus. Accessed on 25th October 2017, from http://www.irena.org/menu/index.aspx

Jianhua, N., Tianlu, Q., Changbai, X., Yikang, R. & Jiechen, W. (2016). Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Healthcare Facilities in Nanjing: Network Point Pattern Analysis and Correlation Analysis. International. Journal. Environmental. Research on Public Health, 13, 833-846, doi: 10.3390/ijerph13080833

Liu, J., & Gary, L. (2014). Environmental Toxicity and Poor Cognitive Outcomes in Children and Adults, Journal of Environmental Health, 76(6), 130-138.

Mahabir, R., Crooks, A. Croitoru, A. & Agouris, P. (2016) The study of slums as social and physical constructs: challenges and emerging research opportunities, Regional Studies, Regional Science, 3(1), 399-419, doi: 10.1080/21681376.2016.122913

Mark, J. (2015). Green Spaces and Cognitive Development in Primary Schoolchildren, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112(26), 7937-7942.

Mehta, S. (2014). Effect of Poverty on the Relationship between Personal Exposures and Ambient Concentrations of Air Pollutants in Ho Chi Minh City Atmospheric Environment, 95, 571-580.

Malmberg Calvo, C. (1994). Case study on the role of women in rural transport; access of women to domestic facilities. World Bank: Sub-Saharan Africa Transport Policy Program, Working Paper No. 11.

Muhammed, S., Sabiu, N., & Khalil, M. (2015). An overview of urbanization and its challenges on sustainable development in Nigeria. Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 1(1), 19-29.

National Core Welfare Indicator Questionnaire (CWIQ) Survey (2017). National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). Retrieved on 21st January, 2019, from nigerianstat.gov.ng/nada/index.php/catalog 2018

Novignon, J., Olakojo, S.A., & Nonvignon, J. (2014). The effects of public and private health care expenditure on health status in sub-Saharan Africa: new evidence from panel data analysis. Health Economics Review 22(2), 22-31.

Okpataku, C. I. (2015). Pattern and reasons for substance use among long-distance commercial drivers in a Nigerian city. Indian Journal of Public Health, 59, 259-263.

Onibokun, A. & Faniran, A. (2017). Urbanization and Urban Problems in Nigeria. Urban Research in Nigeria. Accessed on 10th Dec. 2017, from: http://www.books.openedition.org/ifra

Oloruntoba, E. O., Folarin, T.B., & Ayede, A.I. (2014). Hygiene and sanitation risk factors of diarrhoeal disease among under-five children in Ibadan, Nigeria. African Health Science, 14, 1001–1011.

Peal, A., Evans, B., Blackett, I., Hawkins, P., & Heymans, C. (2014). Fecal Sludge Management: A Comparative Analysis of 12 Cities. Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development, 4(4), 563-75.

Rodriguez, A., & Smith, M. (1994). A comparison of determinants of urban, rural and farm poverty in Costa Rica. World Development, 22(5), 1-16. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-750X(94)90054-X

Rui, Y.; Yang, Z.; Qian, T.; Khalid, S.; Xia, N., & Wang, J. (2016). Network-constrained and category-based point pattern analysis for Suguo retail stores in Nanjing, China. International Journal of Geography Information Science, 30, 186-199.

Satterthwaite, D. (2011). How urban societies can adapt to resource shortage and climate change, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 369(1942), 1762-1783.

Sele, P. & Ohemeng, W. (2015). Socio-economic determinants of life expectancy in Nigeria. (1980 –2011). Health Economics Review, 5(2), 1-16.

Shuaib, F., Musa, E., Mahoney, F., Oguntimehin, O., & Nguku, P. (2014). Ebola virus disease outbreak-Nigeria. Morbidity Mortal Weekly Report, 63, 867–872.

UNCTAD (UN Conference on Sustainable Development). (2014). The Least Developed Countries Report 2014. Growth with Structural Transformation: A Post-2015 Development Agenda. Geneva: UNCTAD Secretariat.

UN General Assembly. (2015). Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 25 September 2015.A/RES/70/1. New York: United Nations.

UNICEF and WHO (UN Children’s Fund and World Health Organization). (2015). Progress on Drinking Water and Sanitation: 2015 Update and MDG Assessment. WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation. Geneva: WHO.

World Bank (2015) World Development Indicators Database. World Bank, Washington, DC, USA.

WEF (World Economic Forum) (2015). Global Risks 2015. Tenth Edition. Accessed from: http://reports.weforum.org/global-risks-2015/

Lui, Y. & Yamauchi, F. (2014) Population density, migration, and the returns to human capital and land: Insights from Indonesia. Food Policy, 48, 182-193.

Zhao, X., Sufang, Z., & Chunyang, F. (2014). Environmental Externality and Inequality in China: Current status and future choices, Environmental Pollution, 190, 176–179.

Downloads

Como Citar

Apata, T. G., Ogunjimi, S. I., Okanlawon, M. M., Bamigboye, O., Adara, C., & Egbunonu, C. (2019). Growing-city pollution and sanitation: causality and evidence from major cities of southwestern Nigeria. Revista Brasileira De Gestão Urbana, 11. Recuperado de https://periodicos.pucpr.br/Urbe/article/view/25410

Edição

Seção

Artigos