A cross-sectional study on quality of life and self-esteem among older individuals in a social group

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DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/fm.2024.37126

Abstract

Introduction: Population aging is a global phenomenon that raises questions about the quality of life and psychological well-being of the older adults. In this context, social groups emerge as an important strategy to promote self-esteem and improve the quality of life among the older population. Objective: To analyze the quality of life and self-esteem of older individuals from a social group. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study realized with 148 older adults. The WHOQOL-BREF, WHOQOL-OLD, and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale were used. Data analysis was conducted using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, bootstrapping procedures, independent samples t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Tukey's post-hoc test (p < 0.05). Results: Women showed higher mean scores in the psychological (p = 0.030) and environmental (p = 0.037) domains, social participation facet (p = 0.047), and self-esteem (p = 0.011). Older individuals aged 60 to 69 years had higher scores in the physical (p = 0.027), psychological (p = 0.007), environmental (p = 0.022), and self-assessment (p = 0.001) domains, and in the facets of sensory functioning (p = 0.009), past, present, and fu-ture activities (p = 0.021), social participation (p = 0.009), and intimacy (p = 0.004), as well as in self-esteem (p = 0.015). Retired older individuals had lower scores in the sensory functioning facet (p = 0.012). Conclusion: Older individuals exhibited satisfactory means in quality of life domains and facets and an adequate level of self-esteem. Significant differences exist in sex, age group, monthly income, and retirement status.

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Author Biographies

Grazieli Covre da Silva, Universidade Cesumar (UNICESUMAR)

Department of Postgraduate Health Promotion

Eduardo Quadros da Silva, Universidade Cesumar (UNICESUMAR)

Department of Postgraduate Health Promotion

José Roberto Andrade do Nascimento Júnior, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF)

Postgraduate Department of Physical Education

Daniel Vicentini de Oliveira, Universidade Cesumar (UNICESUMAR), Instituto Cesumar de Ciência. Tecnologia e Inovação (ICETI)

Department of Postgraduate Health Promotion

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Published

2024-08-05

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Original Article

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