Implementation of physiotherapeutic shares in the prevention of diabetes complications in a Family Health Strategy

Abstract

Introduction: In the Family Health Strategy (FHS), the treatment of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) includes educationand lifestyle change strategies. Physiotherapists have a key role in this health setting. Objectives: To implement actions of evaluation and guidelines for patients with type 2 DM who attend a Family Health Strategy (FHS), regarding diabetic foot and the practice of regular physical exercise in the control and prevention of the complications of Diabetes Mellitus. Methods: 17 individuals from an FHS were evaluated, with the following procedures: clinical and anthropometric parameters, inspection, a questionnaire on diabetic neuropathy, tests of vibratory and tactile sensitivity, muscle function, range of motion, functional analysis, questions about exercise practice and guidance regarding controlling blood glucose and foot care. Results:Deformities, dry skin, calluses, dehydration, ulceration, cracking and brittle nails were found. Peripheral neuropathywas not observed; tactile sensitivity was altered in the heel region and the vibratory sense was absent in 5% of individuals. A decrease in functionality of ankle movements was verified. Of the participants, 76% were sedentary, 24% knew about the benefits of practicing regular exercise, 25% had undergone a medical evaluation prior to performing physical exercise and, of these, 25% were supervised by a qualified professional. Discussion: The implementation of physiotherapy actions in diabetics from an FHS was importantfor highlighting the presence of risk factors for diabetic complications. Conclusions: Individuals attending the FHS need more information and programs for the prevention of diabetic complications.