Urban, industrial and technological risks. Synthesis of the elements of vulnerability of the city of hassi-messaoud
Palabras clave:
Risk, hazard, vulnerability, stakes, disorder, impact, assessment, oil zone.Resumen
Today Algeria is among the developing countries that are trying to engage seriously in a new approach of all kinds of combined risk assessments for better prevention. Note that this is a fairly important parameter, that of the safety of people and property. However, the magnitude of the risk posed by risk, of whatever nature, affects a variety of diversified dimensions, (Human, economic, technical and environmental). This study presents in the following, a case study, which is sometimes paradoxical, in a way that it is the result of the combination of all risk factors and specific factors related to them, in a fragile urban environment: Hassi-Messaoud. It is well known that Hassi-Messaoud is one of the most important components of Algeria's economy; and where the demographic development is mainly known by incessant flows of immigrants, motivated essentially by the jobs’ search. This arbitrary form of population distribution exposes this city to a certain danger; especially when one knows that Hassi-Messaoud is in a zone subject to a rather probable risk expressed here by its character of oil zone. Thus, we will try through this article to provide elements of risk assessment related to oil activity. This approach leads to a conclusion that, ultimately, presents, through a schematic scale, the different types and levels of exposure and vulnerability, characteristics of the urban space in question.
Descargas
Citas
Brugnot, G. and Dumolard, P. (2001). Spatial Risk Management, Geographic Information and Spatial Planning; Edition Lavoisier, Hermès science publication, Paris, 2001, 286 p.
Dauphiné, A. (2013). Risks and disasters: Observe, spatialize, understand, manage; Edition Armand Colin; Paris, 411 p.
Denis, H. (1998). Understanding and Managing Major Socio-Technological Risks; Edition of the École Polytechnique de Montréal; Montreal, 342 p.
Dubois-Maury, J. and Chaline, C. (1994). The city and its dangers, Prevention and management of natural, social and technological risks; Edition Masson; Paris, 244 p.
Dubois-Maury, J. and Chaline, C. (2004). Urban risks; Edition Armand Colin, U collection, 2nd edition, Paris, 201 p.
Dupont, Y. and Ferréol, G. (2004). Risk Dictionary, Risk and environment; Edition Armand Colin, U collection, Paris, 421 p.
Kherdoun, A. (2010). The legal framework for the prevention and management of major risks in Algeria, international symposium on risks, Algiers.
Lagadec, P. (1981). The technological and technological risk, Approach, management and policy of major technological risk; Edition Pergamon, Futuribles collection; Paris, 634 p.
Larrouy-Castera, X. and Ourliac, JP. (2004). Risks and urbanism; Edition the monitor, Legal guides collection, Paris, 238 p.
Leroy, A. and Signoret, JP. (1992). The Risque technologique; Edition Presses Universitaires de France, collection What do I know ? Paris, 109 p.
Margosian, N. (2006). Risks and major industrial accidents, features, regulations, prevention; Edition Dunod, Paris, 222 p.
Remy, J. & Voyé, L. (1981). City, Order and violence, Spatial forms and social transactions; Paris, Edition PUF, 237 p.
Theses and dissertations
Beck, E. (2006). Multi-risks approach in urban areas; Ph.D. thesis in geography and earth and universe sciences, Louis Pasteur University, Strasbourg 1, 282 p.
Boukaibet, A. (2004). The industrial risk question in Algeria, case of the city of Skikda and its petrochemical zone; Memoire of DEA, University of Caen, 183 p.
Heraut, A. (2004). The mastery of urbanization and industrial risks: An impossible equation; DEA dissertation, Environmental law and urban planning, University of Limoges, 135p.
Reports and articles
Chacha, D. (2015). Industrial risk mapping of the oil depot at Hussein Dey, Algiers; Geography Review, Five Continents, Vol. l5, No. 12.
Donze, J. (2001). Technologic risks and urbanization; In proceedings of the conference, Vaulx-en-Velin. UMR, CNRS 5600, Environment, City, Society, Vol. 2, 225 p.
FHC (ex INHC), (2011). Publications of Petroleum Club; Faculty of Hydrocarbons and Chemistry; PC.FHC (formerly INHC), M'hamed Bougara University of Boumerdes, 2011.
Martinais, E. & Galland, JP. (2010). The prevention of industrial risks in France: result and prospects, the new principles of risk analysis: probability and technological hazard; Hall, Archives-Open, Seminar Proceedings ENTPE, Paris, pp.287.
Thouret, J.C. and Ercole, R. (1996) Vulnerability to natural risks in urban areas: effects, factors and social responses, notebooks of the human sciences; 32 (2), pp. 407-422.
APC Hassi-Messaoud (2017), from the perspectives, RGPH, 2008.
